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Can The Secret Service Override The President

Written By Tuesday, March 22, 2022 Add Comment Edit

Federal US police force enforcement agency

United States Secret Service
Logo of the United States Secret Service.svg

U.S Hush-hush Service emblem
Badge of the United States Secret Service.png

Secret Service special agent badge
Flag of the United States Secret Service.svg

U.Southward. Secret Service flag
Common proper name Secret Service
Abridgement USSS
Agency overview
Formed July 5, 1865; 156 years ago  (1865-07-05)
Employees vii,000+ (2019)[i]
Annual budget $two.23 billion (2019)[1]
Operational structure
Headquarters Washington, D.C., U.S.
Agency executives
  • James G. Murray, Director[ii]
  • Faron K. Paramore, Deputy Director
Parent agency U.S. Section of Homeland Security (2003–present)
U.S. Department of the Treasury (1865–2003)
Facilities
Field and resident offices 116
Overseas offices twenty
Website
www.secretservice.gov

The United states Secret Service (USSS or Hole-and-corner Service) is a federal police enforcement agency under the Section of Homeland Security charged with conducting criminal investigations and protecting U.S. political leaders, their families, and visiting heads of state or regime.[3] Until 2003, the Underground Service was part of the Section of the Treasury, as the agency was founded in 1865 to combat the then-widespread counterfeiting of U.S. currency.[4]

Principal missions [edit]

The Underground Service is mandated past Congress with two singled-out and disquisitional national security missions: protecting the nation's leaders and safeguarding the financial and disquisitional infrastructure of the Us.

Protective mission [edit]

The Secret Service ensures the safety of the President of the U.s., the Vice President of the United States, the President-elect of the United States, the Vice President-elect of the United States, and their immediate families; erstwhile presidents, their spouses and their minor children under the age of xvi; major presidential and vice-presidential candidates and their spouses; and visiting foreign heads of state and heads of regime. By custom, information technology also provides protection to the Secretary of the Treasury and Secretarial assistant of Homeland Security, as well as other persons as directed past the President (unremarkably the White House Main of Staff and National Security Advisor, among others). By federal statute, the president and vice-president may non pass up this protection.[5] The Secret Service also provides physical security for the White House Complex; the neighboring Treasury Department building; the vice president's residence; the principal individual residences of the President, Vice President and erstwhile presidents; and all foreign diplomatic missions in Washington, D.C. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to acquit site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead bureau in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated every bit National Special Security Events (NSSE). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance piece of work and threat assessments developed past its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.[half dozen]

Investigative mission [edit]

The Surreptitious Service safeguards the payment and financial systems of the United States from a wide range of fiscal and cyber-based crimes. Financial investigations include counterfeit U.S. currency, banking concern and financial institution fraud, post fraud, wire fraud, illicit financing operations, and major conspiracies. Cyber investigations include cybercrime, network intrusions, identity theft, access device fraud, credit bill of fare fraud, and intellectual belongings crimes. The Surreptitious Service is also a member of the FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF) which investigates and combats terrorism on a national and international calibration. As well, the Secret Service investigates missing and exploited children and is a partner of the National Heart for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC).[seven]

The Surreptitious Service's initial responsibility was to investigate the counterfeiting of U.S. currency, which was rampant following the American Civil State of war. The agency and then evolved into the Us' beginning domestic intelligence and counterintelligence agency. Many of the agency's missions were later taken over by subsequent agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF), and IRS Criminal Investigation Division (IRS-CI).

Dual objective [edit]

Secret Service agents conducting electronic investigations

The Secret Service combines the ii responsibilities into a unique dual objective. The ii core missions of protection and investigation synergize with the other, providing crucial benefits to special agents during the grade of their careers. Skills adult during the course of investigations which are also used in an agent's protective duties include merely are not limited to:

  • Partnerships that are created between field offices and local law enforcement during the course of investigations being used to gather both protective intelligence and in coordinating protection events.
  • Tactical functioning (due east.thou. surveillance, arrests, and search warrants) and law enforcement writing (e.chiliad. affidavits, afterward action reports, and operations plans) skills being applied to both investigative and protective duties.
  • Proficiency in analyzing handwriting and forgery techniques being practical in protective investigations of handwritten letters and suspicious package threats.
  • Expertise in investigating electronic and financial crimes beingness applied in protective investigations of threats made confronting the nation's leaders on the Internet.

Protection of the nation'south highest elected leaders and other authorities officials is one of the primary missions of the Underground Service. After the 1901 assassination of President William McKinley, Congress also directed the Surreptitious Service to protect the president of the United States. The Underground Service investigates thousands of incidents each year of individuals threatening the president of the United States.

The Clandestine Service is authorized by xviii U.S.C. § 3056(a) to protect:[8]

  • The president, vice president (or the side by side individual in the order of succession, should the vice presidency be vacant), president-elect and vice president-elect
  • The immediate families of the above individuals
  • Onetime presidents and their spouses for their lifetimes, except if the spouse remarries
  • Children of former presidents nether the age of 16
  • Visiting heads of state or regime and their spouses traveling with them
  • Other distinguished strange visitors to the United States and official representatives of the Us performing special missions abroad, when the president directs protection be provided
  • Major presidential and vice presidential candidates and, within 120 days of a general presidential election, their spouses
  • Erstwhile vice presidents, their spouses, and their children under 16 years of age, for upwards to 6 months from the date the erstwhile vice president leaves office (the Secretary of Homeland Security tin authorize temporary protection of these individuals at whatever time later on that period)

In addition to the above, the Secret Service can also protect other individuals by executive social club of the president.[9] Under Presidential Policy Directive 22, "National Special Security Events", the Undercover Service is the lead agency for the pattern and implementation of operational security plans for events designated a NSSE past the secretarial assistant of homeland security.

Sign at the Obama family habitation in 2021 stating the surface area is protected past the Secret Service

In that location accept been changes to the protection of former presidents over fourth dimension. Under the original Former Presidents Act, former presidents and their spouses were entitled to lifetime protection, discipline to limited exceptions. In 1994, this was amended to reduce the protection menses to x years after a former president left office, starting with presidents assuming the part afterwards January ane, 1997. On January ten, 2013, President Barack Obama signed legislation reversing this limit and reinstating lifetime protection to all one-time presidents.[10] This change impacted Presidents Obama and G.W. Bush, likewise every bit all futurity presidents.[11]

Protection of government officials is not solely the responsibleness of the Secret Service, with many other agencies, such as the U.s. Capitol Police, Supreme Court Police and Diplomatic Security Service, providing personal protective services to domestic and strange officials. However, while these agencies are nominally responsible for services to other officers of the U.s. and senior dignitaries, the Hush-hush Service provides protective services at the highest-level – i.e. for heads of state and heads of government.

The Surreptitious Service's other chief mission is investigative; to protect the payment and fiscal systems of the Us from a wide range of financial and electronic-based crimes including counterfeit U.S. currency, bank and financial institution fraud, illicit financing operations, cybercrime, identity theft, intellectual property crimes, and whatever other violations that may affect the United States economy and fiscal systems. The bureau's key focus is on large, high-dollar economical impact cases involving organized criminal groups. Financial criminals include embezzling bank employees, armed robbers at automated teller machines, heroin traffickers, and criminal organizations that commit depository financial institution fraud on a global scale.

The USSS plays a leading part in facilitating relationships between other police force enforcement entities, the private sector, and academia. The Service maintains the Electronic Crimes Task Forces, which focus on identifying and locating international cyber criminals connected to cyber intrusions, bank fraud, data breaches, and other computer-related crimes. Additionally, the Secret Service runs the National Computer Forensics Institute (NCFI), which provides law enforcement officers, prosecutors, and judges with cyber training and information to gainsay cybercrime.

In the face up of budget pressure, hiring challenges and some high-profile lapses in its protective service office in 2014, the Brookings Establishment and some members of Congress are request whether the bureau's focus should shift more to the protective mission, leaving more than of its original mission to other agencies.[12] [xiii]

History [edit]

Early years [edit]

Logo of the United states Hugger-mugger Service

With a reported one third of the currency in circulation beingness counterfeit at the time,[14] Abraham Lincoln established a commission to make recommendations to remedy the problem. The Secret Service was after established on July five, 1865 in Washington, D.C., to suppress apocryphal currency. Chief William P. Wood was sworn in by Secretarial assistant of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch. It was commissioned in Washington, D.C. every bit the "Secret Service Partitioning" of the Department of the Treasury with the mission of suppressing counterfeiting. At the time, the only other federal law enforcement agencies were the United states of america Customs Service, the United States Park Police force, the U.Due south. Post Office Department's Part of Instructions and Post Depredations (now known every bit the United States Postal Inspection Service), and the United States Marshals Service. The Marshals did not have the manpower to investigate all crime nether federal jurisdiction, so the Hugger-mugger Service began investigating a wide range of crimes from murder to banking concern robbery to illegal gambling.

After the assassination of President William McKinley in 1901, Congress informally requested that the Cloak-and-dagger Service provide presidential protection. A year afterwards, the Cloak-and-dagger Service assumed total-time responsibility for presidential protection. In 1902, William Craig became the beginning Hole-and-corner Service agent to die while on duty, in a route accident while riding in the presidential carriage.[15]

The Secret Service was the first U.Southward. domestic intelligence and counterintelligence agency. Domestic intelligence collection and counterintelligence responsibilities were after vested in the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) upon the FBI'southward creation in 1908.

20th century [edit]

Taft Mexican Peak (1909) [edit]

In 1909, President William H. Taft agreed to meet with Mexican president Porfirio Díaz in El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juárez, United mexican states, the beginning coming together between a U.South. and a Mexican president and also the first time an American president visited Mexico.[16] Simply the celebrated summit resulted in serious assassination threats and other security concerns for the then small Secret Service, and then the Texas Rangers, 4,000 U.S. and Mexican troops, BOI agents, U.South. Marshals, and an additional 250-man individual security detail led by Frederick Russell Burnham, the historic scout, were all chosen in by Chief John Wilkie to provide added security.[17] [xviii] On October xvi, the mean solar day of the pinnacle, Burnham discovered a man holding a concealed palm pistol standing at the El Paso Chamber of Commerce edifice along the procession route.[19] The human being was captured and disarmed only a few feet from Díaz and Taft.[20]

1940s [edit]

The Underground Service assisted in absorbing Japanese American leaders and in the Japanese American internment during Globe War II.[21]

1950s [edit]

In 1950, President Harry S. Truman was residing in Blair House while the White House, beyond the street, was undergoing renovations. On November 1, 1950, 2 Puerto Rican nationalists, Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola, approached Blair House with the intent to assassinate President Truman. Collazo and Torresola opened fire on Private Leslie Coffelt and other White House Police officers. Though mortally wounded by three shots from a 9 mm German language Luger to his chest and abdomen, Private Coffelt returned fire, killing Torresola with a single shot to his head. Collazo was besides shot, but survived his injuries and served 29 years in prison house before returning to Puerto Rico in late 1979.[ citation needed ] Coffelt is the only member of the Secret Service killed while protecting a United states president against an assassination endeavor (Special Agent Tim McCarthy stepped in front of President Ronald Reagan during the assassination attempt of March 30, 1981, and took a bullet to the chest only made a total recovery[22]).

1960s [edit]

In 1968, as a outcome of Robert F. Kennedy's assassination, Congress authorized protection of major presidential and vice presidential candidates and nominees.[23] In 1965 and 1968, Congress also authorized lifetime protection of the spouses of deceased presidents unless they remarry and of the children of former presidents until age 16.[24]

1980s [edit]

Surreptitious Service analyst examining counterfeit documents

In 1984, the United states Congress passed the Comprehensive Law-breaking Control Human activity, which extended the Secret Service's jurisdiction over credit menu fraud and computer fraud.[25]

1990s [edit]

In 1990, the Secret Service initiated Operation Sundevil, which they originally intended as a sting against malicious hackers, allegedly responsible for disrupting telephone services across the entire United States. The operation, which was later described past Bruce Sterling in his book The Hacker Crackdown, afflicted a bully number of people unrelated to hacking, and led to no convictions. The Cloak-and-dagger Service, yet, was sued and required to pay amercement.[ citation needed ] On March one, 1990, the Surreptitious Service served a search warrant on Steve Jackson Games, a small visitor in Austin, Texas, seizing iii computers and over 300 floppy disks. In the subsequent lawsuit, the judge reprimanded the Secret Service, calling their warrant preparation "sloppy."[26]

In 1994 and 1995, it ran an undercover sting called Operation Cybersnare.[27] The Secret Service has concurrent jurisdiction with the FBI over certain violations of federal computer crime laws. They have created 24 Electronic Crimes Task Forces (ECTFs) across the United States. These task forces are partnerships between the Service, federal/state and local law enforcement, the private sector and academia aimed at combating technology-based crimes.[ commendation needed ]

In 1998, President Bill Clinton signed Presidential Decision Directive 62, which established National Special Security Events (NSSE). That directive made the Secret Service responsible for security at designated events. In 1999, the United States Secret Service Memorial Building was dedicated in DC, granting the agency its first headquarters. Prior to this, the agency'southward different departments were based in office space around the DC area.[28]

21st century [edit]

2000s [edit]

September 11 attacks [edit]

The New York City Field office was located at seven World Merchandise Centre. Immediately afterwards the World Trade Centre was attacked every bit part of the September 11 attacks, Special Agents and other New York Field office employees were among the commencement to answer with kickoff assist. Threescore-7 Special Agents in New York Metropolis, at and well-nigh the New York Field Office, helped to prepare triage areas and evacuate the towers. 1 Clandestine Service employee, Master Special Officer Craig Miller,[29] died during the rescue efforts. On Baronial xx, 2002, Director Brian 50. Stafford awarded the Director's Valor Award to employees who assisted in the rescue attempts.[30]

Domestic expansion [edit]

Secret Service Electronic Crimes Task Force (ECTF)

Secret Service Asset Forfeiture and Coin Laundering Task Force (AFMLTF)

Effective March 1, 2003, the Underground Service transferred from the Treasury to the newly established Department of Homeland Security.[31]

The U.s.a. Patriot Human activity, signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 26, 2001, mandated the Secret Service to constitute a nationwide network of ECTFs in addition to the one already active in New York. As such, this mandate expanded on the agency's kickoff ECTF—the New York Electronic Crimes Task Force, formed in 1995—which brought together federal, country and local law enforcement, prosecutors, individual-industry companies, and academia. These bodies collectively provide necessary support and resources to field investigations that meet any one of the post-obit criteria: significant economic or community touch on; participation of organized criminal groups involving multiple districts or transnational organizations; or use of schemes involving new engineering science.[32] [33]

The network prioritizes investigations that run into the following criteria:

  • Meaning economical or community touch on,
  • Participation of multiple-commune or transnational organized criminal groups,
  • Use of new engineering science as a means to commit crime.

Investigations conducted by ECTFs include crimes such equally reckoner generated counterfeit currency; bank fraud; virus and worm proliferation; access device fraud; telecommunications fraud; Internet threats; reckoner system intrusions and cyberattacks; phishing/spoofing; assistance with Net-related child pornography and exploitation; and identity theft.[34]

International expansion [edit]

Secret Service Cyber Intelligence Heart (CIS)

On July 6, 2009, the U.South. Secret Service expanded its fight on cybercrime by creating the first European Electronic Criminal offense Task Force, based on the successful U.S. domestic model, through a memorandum of understanding with Italian police and postal officials. Over a year after, on Baronial nine, 2010, the agency expanded its European interest by creating its second overseas ECTF in the United Kingdom.[35] [36]

Both chore forces are said to concentrate on a wide range of "figurer-based criminal activity," including:

  • Identity theft
  • Network intrusions
  • Other computer-related crimes affecting financial and other critical infrastructures.

2010s [edit]

As of 2010, the Service had over half-dozen,500 employees: iii,200 Special Agents, ane,300 Uniformed Segmentation Officers, and two,000 technical and authoritative employees.[37] Special agents serve on protective details and investigate fiscal, cyber, and homeland security-related crimes.

In September 2014, the United states Secret Service came under criticism following two loftier-profile incidents involving intruders at the White Business firm. One such intruder entered the East Room of the White House through an unlocked door.[38]

2020s [edit]

On Apr 15, 2020, the Water ice Homeland Security Investigations unit of measurement[39] launched "Operation Stolen Promise" that targets COVID-nineteen related fraud. The operation conscripted resource from various branches of police enforcement and the regime, including the U.South. Undercover Service.[40] About $2 trillion in the relief package known equally the CARES Act were earmarked by constabulary in March 2020, bringing unemployment benefits and loans to millions of Americans. However, equally Secret Service spokesmen subsequently pointed out, the Act also opened up opportunities for criminals to fraudulently apply for help. Past the cease of 2021, about two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, the Secret Service had seized more than than $1.2 billion in relief funds appropriated by fraudsters.[41]

A day earlier the 2021 United states of america Capitol attack on January half dozen, 2021, the Cloak-and-dagger Service warned Capitol Police of threats of violence that Capitol Police officers could face up violence at the hands of supporters of President Donald Trump.[42] On January 6, Secret Service agents provided security in and effectually the United states Capitol, besides as evacuating Vice President Mike Pence during the riot.[43]

Attacks on presidents [edit]

Since the 1960s, presidents John F. Kennedy (killed), Gerald Ford (twice attacked, but uninjured) and Ronald Reagan (seriously wounded) accept been attacked while appearing in public.[44] [45] Agents on scene, though non injured, during attacks on presidents include William Greer and Roy Kellerman. One of the agents was Robert DeProspero, the Special Agent In Charge (SAIC) of Reagan'due south Presidential Protective Segmentation (PPD) from January 1982 to Apr 1985. DeProspero was deputy to Jerry Parr, the SAIC of PPD during the Reagan assassination attempt on March 30, 1981.[46] [47]

The Kennedy assassination spotlighted the bravery of two Secret Service agents. First, an agent protecting Mrs. Kennedy, Clint Hill, was riding in the machine directly behind the presidential limousine when the attack began. While the shooting connected, Loma leaped from the running lath of the car he was riding on and jumped onto the back of the president's moving machine and guided Mrs. Kennedy from the body back into the rear seat of the car. He then shielded the president and the starting time lady with his body until the car arrived at the hospital.

Rufus Youngblood was riding in the vice-presidential car. When the shots were fired, he vaulted over the front seat and threw his body over Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson.[48] That evening, Johnson called Secret Service Chief James J. Rowley and cited Youngblood's bravery.[49] [fifty] Youngblood would after remember some of this in his memoir, Twenty Years in the Secret Service.

The period post-obit the Kennedy assassination was the near hard in the modernistic history of the agency. Press reports indicated that morale amidst the agents was "low" for months following the bump-off.[51] [52] The agency overhauled its procedures in the wake of the Kennedy killing. Training, which until that time had been confined largely to "on-the-chore" efforts, was systematized and regularized.

The Reagan assassination effort also involved several Secret Service agents, particularly amanuensis Tim McCarthy, who spread his stance to protect Reagan as vi bullets were beingness fired by the would-be assassin, John Hinckley Jr.[53] McCarthy survived a .22-caliber round in the abdomen. For his bravery, McCarthy received the NCAA Honor of Valor in 1982.[54] Jerry Parr, the agent who pushed President Reagan into the limousine, and made the disquisitional decision to divert the presidential motorcade to George Washington Academy Hospital instead of returning to the White House, was also honored with U.S. Congress commendations for his actions that day.[55]

Significant investigations [edit]

Arrest and indictment of Max Ray Butler, co-founder of the Carders Marketplace carding website. Butler was indicted past a federal g jury in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, after his September five, 2007 arrest, on wire fraud and identity theft charges. According to the indictment, Butler hacked over the Internet into computers at financial institutions and credit card processing centers and sold the tens of thousands of credit menu numbers that he caused in the procedure.[56]

Performance Firewall: In Oct 2004, 28 suspects—located across eight U.S. states and six countries—were arrested on charges of identity theft, computer fraud, credit-menu fraud, and conspiracy. About 30 national and foreign field offices of the U.South. Clandestine Service, including the newly established national ECTFs, and countless local enforcement agencies from around the globe, were involved in this operation. Collectively, the arrested suspects trafficked in at to the lowest degree 1.7 million stolen credit carte numbers, which amounted to $iv.3 million of losses to financial institutions. However, government estimated that prevented loss to the manufacture was in the hundreds of millions of dollars. The operation, which started in July 2003 and lasted for more than a year, led investigators to identify three cybercriminal groups: Shadowcrew, Carderplanet, and Darkprofits.[57]

Abort and indictment of Albert Gonzalez and 11 individuals; 3 U.South. citizens, 1 from Republic of estonia, three from Ukraine, two from the People'south Republic of Communist china, 1 from Belarus, and ane known merely by an online alias. They were arrested on Baronial 5, 2008, for the theft and sale of more 40 million credit and debit card numbers from major U.S. retailers, including TJX Companies, BJ'southward Wholesale Guild, OfficeMax, Boston Marketplace, Barnes & Noble, Sports Potency, Forever 21, and DSW. Gonzalez, the chief organizer of the scheme, was charged with computer fraud, wire fraud, access device fraud, aggravated identity theft, and conspiracy for his leading role in the criminal offence.[58]

Personnel [edit]

Secret Service agents protecting President Obama and Commencement Lady Michelle Obama

Special Agent [edit]

Secret Service agents executing a protective operation

The Secret Service special agent position is highly competitive. In 2011, the Service accustomed less than ane% of its 15,600 special amanuensis applicants.[59]

At a minimum, a prospective agent must be a U.S. citizen, possess a current valid driver's license, be in fantabulous health and physical condition, possess visual acuity no worse than 20/100 uncorrected or correctable to twenty/twenty in each heart, and exist between age 21–37 at the time of appointment,[threescore] only eligible veterans may apply past historic period 37. In 2009, the Office of Personnel Direction issued implementation guidance on the Isabella five. Department of State court decision: OPM Letter.[61]

Prospective agents must also qualify for a TS/SCI (Superlative Secret / Sensitive Compartmented Information) clearance, and undergo an extensive groundwork investigation, to include in-depth interviews, drug screening, medical diagnosis, and full-scope polygraph examination.[sixty]

Secret Service agent trainees at the James J. Rowley Grooming Centre (RTC)

Special agents receive training in 2 locations, totaling approximately 31 weeks. The first phase, the Criminal Investigator Training Program (CITP) is conducted at the U.Due south. Department of Homeland Security's Federal Law Enforcement Preparation Centers (FLETC) in Glynco, Georgia, lasting approximately thirteen weeks. The second stage, the Special Amanuensis Grooming Course (SATC) is conducted at the Secret Service Academy, James J. Rowley Grooming Centre (JJRTC), just outside Washington, D.C. in Laurel, Maryland, lasting approximately 18 weeks.[62]

Secret Service amanuensis trainees practice executing a search warrant.

A typical special agent career path, depending upon performance and promotions that affect private assignments, begins with the commencement 6 to viii years on the task assigned to a field function. Applicants are directed to listing their office location preference during the application process, and upon receiving a final job offer, usually have several locations to choose from.[60] After their field office experience, agents are usually transferred to a protective assignment where they will stay for three to five years. Post-obit their protective assignment, many agents return to a field role for the remainder of their careers, or opt for a headquarters based consignment located in Washington, D.C. During their careers, agents also have the opportunity to work overseas in i of the agency's international field offices. This typically requires foreign language grooming to ensure linguistic communication proficiency when working alongside the agency's strange law enforcement counterparts.[60]

Special agents are hired at the GL-07, GL-09, or GS-11 grade level, depending on private qualifications and/or education.[60] Agents are eligible for promotion on a yearly basis, from GL-07, to GL-09, to GS-11, to GS-12, to GS-13. The full performance grade level for a journeyman field amanuensis is GS-13, which a GL-07, GL-09, or GS-11 amanuensis may accomplish in equally petty as iv, three, or two years respectively. GS-thirteen agents are eligible for competitive promotion to supervisory positions, which encompasses the GS-14, GS-15, and SES grade levels. GS-13 agents who wish to remain as journeyman field agents, volition continue to advance the GS-13 footstep level, capping at GS-13 Footstep 10.

Special agents also receive Law Enforcement Availability Pay (LEAP), a type of premium overtime pay which provides them with an additional 25% bonus pay on top of their bacon, as agents are required to piece of work an average workweek of l hours equally opposed to 40.[63] Therefore an agent living in the Greater New York City area (NY, NJ, CT) volition earn an annual bacon of $73,666 (GL-07), $82,162 (GL-09), $96,201 (GS-11), $115,306 (GS-12), $137,112 (GS-13), $162,026 (GS-fourteen), and $176,300 (GS-15). Journeyman field agents at GS-13 Stride 10 are as well paid a salary of $176,300.[64]

Due to the nature of their work and unique amid their federal law enforcement counterparts (east.g. FBI, DEA, ATF, Ice), Underground Service agents are regularly eligible for scheduled overtime pay (in addition to LEAP), and enjoy a raised statutory pay cap of $203,700 per yr (Level II of the Executive Schedule) every bit opposed to the standard pay cap of $176,300 per twelvemonth (Level IV of the Executive Schedule).[65]

Uniformed Partitioning Officeholder [edit]

Secret Service officer and his police dog as part of the Emergency Response Team (ERT)

The Hugger-mugger Service Uniformed Division is a security police similar to the U.S. Capitol Police force or DHS Federal Protective Service and is in charge of protecting the physical White House grounds and strange diplomatic missions in the Washington, D.C. area. Established in 1922 as the White House Police, this organisation was fully integrated into the Secret Service in 1930. In 1970, the protection of foreign diplomatic missions was added to the strength's responsibilities, and its name was changed to the Executive Protective Service. The name Usa Secret Service Uniformed Division was adopted in 1977.

Cloak-and-dagger Service Uniformed Division officers provide protection for the White Business firm Complex, the vice president's residence, the chief Treasury Building and Addendum, and foreign diplomatic missions and embassies in the Washington, D.C., area. Additionally, Uniformed Division officers travel in support of presidential, vice presidential and foreign head of state government missions.[66] Officers may, equally their careers progress, be selected to participate in ane of several specialized units, including the:

  • Canine Unit: Performing security sweeps and responding to bomb threats and suspicious packages.
  • Emergency Response Team: Providing a coordinated tactical response for the White House and other protected facilities.
  • Counter-sniper Team: Utilizing observation, sighting equipment and high-performance weapons to provide a secure environment for protectees.
  • Motorcade Support Unit: Providing motorcycle tactical support for official movements of motorcades.
  • Crime Scene Search Unit: Photographing, collecting and processing physical and latent evidence.
  • Function of Preparation: Serving as firearms and classroom instructors or recruiters.
  • Special Operations Department: Handling special duties and functions at the White Business firm Complex, including conducting the daily congressional and public tours of the White Business firm.[66]

Weapons and equipment [edit]

Two men on a roof with rifles positioned on tripods

Since the agency's inception, a multifariousness of weapons have been carried by its agents.

Weapons [edit]

Agents and officers are trained on standard shoulder weapons that include the FN P90 submachine gun, the 9mm Heckler & Koch MP5 submachine gun, and the 12-guess Remington 870 shotgun.[67]

Secret Service counter-sniper marksman on height of the White Firm'due south roof, armed with a sniper rifle

As a non-lethal option, Special Agents, Special Officers, and Uniformed Partitioning Officers are armed with the ASP 16" expandable billy, and Uniformed Division officers as well carry pepper spray.

Special Operations Division (SOD) units are authorized to use a variety of non-standard weapons. The Counter Assault Team (CAT) and the Emergency Response Team (ERT) both use the v.56mm Knight's Ammunition Company SR-16 CQB assail rifle in an eleven.5" configuration. True cat as well deploys 12 gauge Remington 870 MCS breaching shotguns. Uniform Division technicians assigned to the Counter Sniper (CS) team utilise custom built .300 Winchester Magnum-chambered commodities-activity rifles referred to equally JARs ("Just Some other Rifle"). These rifles are built with Remington 700 long actions in Accurateness International stocks and apply Schmidt & Bender optics. CS technicians too use the 7.62mm KAC SR-25/Mk11 Mod 0 semi-automatic sniper rifle with a Trijicon 5.v× ACOG optic.[68]

Sidearms [edit]

The Clandestine Service's electric current duty sidearm, the SIG-Sauer P229 double-action/unmarried-action pistol chambered .357 SIG, entered service in 1999. It is the issued handgun to all special agents besides as officers of the Uniformed Sectionalisation. Equally of 2019, the SIG-Sauer P229 is scheduled to be replaced with Glock 9mm pistols.[69] Most special agents will exist issued the Glock 19 Gen 5 MOS with forward slide serrations, Ameriglo Bold night sights, and a Streamlight TLR-7A weapon low-cal.[70] U.s. Secret Service's Special Operations will be issued the Glock 47 with Ameriglo Bold sights and a Surefire X300 Ultra weapon low-cal.[71] [72]

Badges [edit]

  • Hush-hush Service badge (1875–1890)

  • Hugger-mugger Service badge (1890–1971)

  • Clandestine Service bluecoat (1971–2003)

  • Surreptitious Service badge (2003–present)

Attire [edit]

Secret Service agent in business suit working President Obama'southward protection detail

Special agents and special officers of the Secret Service clothing attire that is appropriate for their environs, in order to alloy in equally much as possible. In nearly circumstances, the attire of a close protection shift is a conservative accommodate, but information technology can range from a tuxedo to casual clothing as required past the environment. Stereotypically, Secret Service agents are often portrayed wearing reflective sunglasses and a communication earpiece. Oftentimes their attire is customized to conceal the wide array of equipment worn in service. Agents wear a distinctive lapel pin that identifies them to other agents.[73]

The attire for Uniformed Sectionalisation Officers includes standard police uniforms or utility uniforms and ballistic/identification vests for members of the counter-sniper squad, Emergency Response Team (ERT), and canine officers. The shoulder patch of the Uniformed Segmentation consists of the U.South. coat of arms on white or black, depending on the garment. Also, the shoulder patch is embroidered with "U.S. Secret Service Uniformed Segmentation Police force" around the emblem.[74]

Vehicles [edit]

An Allegheny County Law officer and his working canis familiaris screening a U.s. Hush-hush Service vehicle for explosives.

When transporting the president in a motorcade, the Underground Service uses a fleet of custom-congenital armored Cadillac Limousines, the newest and largest version of which is known as "The Brute". Armored Chevrolet Suburbans are also used when logistics crave such a vehicle or when a more depression-profile appearance is required. For official movement, the limousine is affixed with U.S. and presidential flags and the presidential seal on the rear doors. For unofficial events, the vehicles are left sterile and unadorned.[30]

Field offices [edit]

Secret Service Field Offices

The Hush-hush Service has agents assigned to 136 field offices and field agencies, and the headquarters in Washington, D.C. The Service'south offices are located in cities throughout the United States and the world. The offices in Lyon and The Hague are respectively responsible for liaison with the headquarters of Interpol and Europol, located in those cities.[75]

Misconduct [edit]

On April fourteen, 2012, the U.Due south. Secret Service placed 11 agents on administrative leave as the agency investigated allegations that the men brought prostitutes to their hotel rooms in Cartagena, Republic of colombia, while on assignment to protect President Obama and that a dispute ensued with one of the women over payment the following morning time.[76]

Afterward the incident was publicized, the Underground Service implemented new rules for its personnel.[77] [78] [79] [80] The rules prohibit personnel from visiting "non-reputable establishments"[78] and from consuming booze less than ten hours before starting work. Additionally, they restrict who is immune in hotel rooms.[78]

In 2015, two inebriated senior Hush-hush Service agents collection an official car into the White Business firm complex and collided with a barrier. One of the congressmen in the United states of america Firm Committee on Oversight and Government Reform that investigated that incident was Jason Chaffetz. In September 2015, it was revealed that 18 Secret Service employees or supervisors, including Assistant Director Ed Lowery, accessed an unsuccessful 2003 application past Chaffetz for employment with the agency and discussed leaking the data to the media in retaliation for Chaffetz' investigations of agency misconduct. The confidential personal information was afterward leaked to The Daily Creature. Agency Manager Joe Clancy apologized to Chaffetz and said that disciplinary action would be taken confronting those responsible.[81]

In March 2017, a member of Vice President Mike Pence'due south detail was suspended after he was caught visiting a prostitute at a hotel in Maryland.[82]

Other U.S. federal law enforcement agencies [edit]

  • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
  • Drug Enforcement Assistants (DEA)
  • Booze, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF)
  • U.South. Marshals Service (USMS)
  • Immigration and Community Enforcement (ICE)
  • Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
  • Law Enforcement in the U.S. Military (DOD)

See also [edit]

  • Babysitter
  • Commander-in-Chief's Guard – the American Revolutionary State of war unit that also had the dual responsibilities of protecting the Commander-in-Chief and the Continental Army'southward money
  • Secret Service codename
  • Steve Jackson Games, Inc. five. United States Hole-and-corner Service
  • Championship 31 of the Code of Federal Regulations

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Bibliography [edit]

  • Hammond, John Hays (1935). The Autobiography of John Hays Hammond . New York: Farrar & Rinehart. ISBN978-0-405-05913-1.
  • Harris, Charles H. III; Sadler, Louis R. (2009). The Secret War in El Paso: Mexican Revolutionary Intrigue, 1906–1920. Albuquerque, NM: Academy of New Mexico Press. ISBN978-0-8263-4652-0.

Further reading [edit]

  • Emmett, Dan (2014). Inside Arm'due south Length: A Secret Service Agent's Definitive Inside Business relationship of Protecting the President (First ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN9781250044716.
  • Kessler, Ronald (2010). In the President'southward Secret Service: Backside the Scenes with Agents in the Line of Fire and the Presidents They Protect (1st paperback ed.). New York: Three Rivers Press. ISBN9780307461360.
  • Kessler, Ronald (2015). The First Family Particular: Clandestine Service Agents Reveal the Hidden Lives of the Presidents (1st paperback ed.). New York: Crown Forum. ISBN978-0804139618.
  • Roberts, Marcia (1991). Looking Dorsum and Seeing the Time to come: The United states Secret Service, 1865–1990. Association of Erstwhile Agents of the United states Secret Service.

External links [edit]

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • United States Clandestine Service at the Wayback Auto (archived March 1, 2000)
  • "Protecting the U.S. President abroad", by BBC News
  • "Inside the Hush-hush Service"—slide show past Life
  • https://www.ballisticmag.com/2019/03/nineteen/us-vs-russia-protection-teams/

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service

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